tipe pembelajar dan beberapa metode mengajarnya

 The Van Brummelen’s four learning styles are(Van Brummelen,1998,p.109)  :

1.      Intuitors

Intuitive learners view concrete situations from different point of view, reflecting on their own experiences to reach conclusion; enjoy social interaction by listening and sharing ideas and perceptions. A key question for them is: “Why?”.  Teachers need to give the stimulation of problem solving to the students. The suitable professions of them are counselors, psychologists, and elementary school teachers.

2.      Intellectuals

Intellectual learners perceive interest in concepts and ideas; have intrapersonal intelligence; well in traditional classrooms; satisfy in thinking through problems. A key question for them is: “What?”. Teachers can help the gather, digest, and process facts and concepts. The suitable professions of them are planners, research scientists, and mathematicians.

3.      Implementers

Implement learners tend to act before they reflect; like to know the techniques how things work and solving concrete problems.  A key question for them is: “How?”. Teachers must let them practice their knowledge. The suitable professions for them are nurses, technicians and engineers.

4.      Inventors

Inventive learners are people of action and prefer to let their own ideas take flight; work with people; have good flexibility, improvisation, and creativity; pushy in their drive. A key question for them is: “What if?”. Teachers must let them discover and practice. The suitable professions of them are marketing and sales people, artists.

The learning style that most suits me is inventors. For me, theoretical explanation is important, but I prefer to complete my understanding with practicing it. I like to use my own ideas. I like to work with friends who I trust for, because I realize that I have weaknesses. I like to motivate and influence others with my views. As I am sure with my ideas, I pushy to do it until finishing stage. When I found a new thing and it has bright prospects for my purposes, I will grasp it.

The phase of learning that best suits inventors is transcendence. It makes the teachers realize that each of their students is unique(Van Brummelen, 2009, p.106). They can not force to be measure in the same standard. They need to develop their own ideas. The teachers have to provide opportunities and choices, stimulate and encourage. As a result students have the opportunities to make personal products, choose, solve challenging problem, imagine and create (Harro Van Brummelen, 2009, p.104). 

We can mix three of the strategies that could use in transcendence, such as:

1.      Dialogic Teaching (National Society for Education in Art & Design, n.d.)

Dialogic teaching is:

a.       Collective : teachers and children address learning tasks together;

b.      Reciprocal : teachers and children listen to each other;

c.       Supportive : children articulate their ideas freely;

d.      Cumulative : teachers and children build on their own and each others’ ideas and coherent lines of thinking and enquiry;

e.       Purposeful : teachers direct classroom talk with specific educational goals. There are three kinds of classroom talk:

·         Rote

·         Recitation

·         Instruction/exposition

In addition, such as:

·         Discussion

·         Scaffolded dialogue

For example of dialogic teaching application of recitation is:

Students have to answer in short answers after they have reading. The teachers give them opportunities to answer the questions. There are several questioning approaches that teachers can use, such as(National Society for Education in Art & Design, n.d):

ü  No hands questioning:  Pupils will be selected by the teacher to give an answer and gave by teacher the thinking time for 15-30seconds.

ü  Phone a friend: Those who cannot answer are allowed to nominate others to suggest an answer on their behalf, but they still have to provide their own answer or building on this.

ü  Fat questions: Pupils are not allowed to answer a question using less than e.g. 15 words.

Dialogic talking strategy can be used in all level of Bloom’s taxonomy. The example above might be use in the lowest level of Bloom’s taxonomy.

2.      Blended Learning (Big Dog & Little Dog’s Performance Juxtaposition, 2010)

People like to use a variety of tones, inflections, gestures, etc. to communicate ideas to others; teachers should also use them, it is called Blended Learning(Big Dog & Little Dog’s Performance Juxtaposition, 2010). Teachers have to consider two things before determine which media will they use(Big Dog & Little Dog’s Performance Juxtaposition, 2010). First, knowing of what learning platform they selected. Second, knowing of what are school’s constraints. For example, if schools have limited budgets to pay the native speaker to teach English lesson, they can buy a DVD which involves native speaker. Thus it is wise to know their media constraints, so they can plan the methods accordingly.

3.      Jigsaw’s cooperative learning (J.Tewksbury, Heather Macdonald, 2005)

The class is divided into several teams. Each team is preparing separate but related assignments. When all team members are prepared, the class is re-divided into mixed groups, with one member from each team in each group (hence the name "jigsaw").